nutrient problem. While lawn fertilizers and pet
waste could contribute nutrients, is the buried ash
from the tornado debris being leached by
groundwater and contributing phosphorus to the
pond? On May 24, 2018, KDHE declared a HAB
Watch for Central Park Lake and for Colwich City
Lake in Sedgwick County.
Shawnee County received a grant from the
Community Fisheries Assistance Program (CFAP)
administered by KDWPT, to purchase the
ultrasonic equipment. CFAP funds will cover
75 percent of the approximately $2,350 total
equipment costs.
The companies that manufacture these
ultrasound emitters claim that the sound waves at
particular frequencies are able to destroy the
structures in the algae and bacteria cells that give
them buoyancy. When the organisms get close enough to the
emitter, the sound waves will damage the cells and cause
them to ultimately sink, strongly impairing their ability to
reproduce. These emitters are placed just below the
surface of the water, attached to some type of float.
They can be tethered to the shore with ropes, tethered
to blocks on the bottom of the waterbody, or attached
to stakes or poles. Some models have a variety of
power options, from alternating current and direct
current in a variety of voltages. Direct current options
include using deep cycle batteries or solar power
(which also has batteries).
In response to the promotion of ultrasound to
control cyanobacteria, the Wisconsin Department of
Natural Resources issued Research Report 195, a
review of the scientific literature regarding the effects
of sonication on cyanobacteria, on other aquatic
organisms, and the resulting water quality. While
there are a number of short-term studies on
cyanobacteria, the effects on non-target aquatic life is
lacking. The report states the following:
1. No large-scale studies that investigated
cyanotoxin releases after destruction of
cyanobacteria cells are available.
2. Beneficial algae and other plankton, the foundation of
the aquatic food web, can also be killed by ultrasound.
The effects on other aquatic life that rely on these
species could be widespread.
3. Ultrasound has been used to kill zebra mussels.
4. Some insects use ultrasound to communicate. How
ultrasound emitters affect them is unknown.
5. Ultrasound was found to discourage feeding by catfish
fingerlings.
6. Ultrasound has been found to disassociate phosphorus
from sediment, which could contribute to future algal
blooms.
7. The effect of ultrasound on humans (swimming, diving)
is unknown.
At least one Kansas Public Water Supply System uses
ultrasonic transducers in its treatment process. Rural Water
District No. 6, Franklin County, pumps surface water from
the Marais des Cygnes River near Rantoul, Kansas. Often,
the river water is quite
turbid, and the first
step in their treatment
process is to store the
water in a pond not far
from the river bank, to
allow the heaviest
sediments to settle. The
pond is relatively
shallow and has full
exposure to sunlight.
To reduce the potential
for taste and odor
issues caused by algae,
Franklin RWD 6
installs two transducers
in the Spring, one at
each end of the pond,
after the threat of
significant freezing has
passed. Manager Rick Titus believes that these devices have
resulted in a higher quality finished product.
While efforts to reduce the introduction of nitrate and
phosphorus into our drinking water sources continue, any
efforts to control cyanobacteria blooms should be considered
and evaluated. Hopefully, the two small projects at Milford
Lake and Central Park Lake will provide some great
information and give direction to future installations.
22
THE KANSAS LIFELINE
July 2018
This device is an ultrasound emitter. The large flat portion at the top provides
the flotation for the device. The transducer hangs approximately six inches
below the water surface. This particular device can be secured in place with
nylon ropes and is tied to opposite sides of the Franklin RWD 6 settling pond.
The companies that
manufacture these
ultrasound emitters
claim that the sound
waves at particular
frequencies are able to
destroy the structures
in the algae and
bacteria cells that give
them buoyancy.
Douglas S. Helmke has been the Water Rights Tech
at KRWA since June 2000, and also a Wellhead /
Sourcewater Protection Tech since 2003. He holds
professional geologist certification in Kansas and
Missouri. Doug received a bachelor degree in
geology from Kansas State University.