97
THE KANSAS LIFELINE
July 2018
The goal to protect the source water extends far and wide,
even in urban and suburban areas, Marks said. A new
housing development where all of the homes are on septic
systems would not be a good candidate if in close proximity
or up-gradient from a water system’s wellfield.
It’s important to get the site requirements right, he said.
“The cost of fixing that is horrendous,” he said.
Professionals have sometimes not recommended that water
utilities purchase the ground where their production wells are
located, he said. That might be changing.
“We’re getting to that point,” he said, “just so we can
control what’s going on in that area.”
Over-application not limited to ag
The water community has only about 60 years of
experience understanding the environmental effects of
chemical fertilizers, Marks said.
Ag producers have done a “much better job” of applying
nitrogen and phosphorous to their fields, he said.
“Those are input costs that you can
control,” he said. “Most farmers aren’t (over-
applying fertilizer) on purpose. Some are, but
most aren’t.”
He remains concerned about “urban
farmers” who have a tendency to over-apply
fertilizers up to four times the recommended
amount.
“My dad was one of the worst,” Marks
said, explaining that if the directions called
for half a bag of fertilizer for his yard, he
would apply the entire bag so as to not let it
go to waste.
Of particular concern for Marks is the
scientific studies that have found that certain
fruit and vegetable juices, as well as dark
leafy greens, contain levels of nitrates that far
exceed the EPA maximum contaminant level
of 10 parts per million for drinking water.
“It appears there’s a real disconnect between the
FDA and the EPA,” he said. “You have to have some
standards, there’s no doubt about it. But that just
doesn’t make sense to me.”
Future threats
While source water protection is top of mind for
many water systems, drought conditions are a growing
concern for all areas of the state that rely on
groundwater, Marks said, even in traditionally wet
locations such as north-central and northeast Kansas,
where water wells drilled in the 1930s are running dry.
“They’re getting just enough water to keep things
alive, but they’re not getting enough for recharge,” he
said.
“We have been designing wells with a lifespan of 30
to 50 years. Now we have to guess what water levels
will be like in that timeframe. Hopefully they’ll still be
usable in that timeframe.
“We’re fixing to see some real water fights.”
Water quantity isn’t the only concern on Marks’ horizon.
Scientists in Canada and the United States are finding
indications of pharmaceuticals in surface water and artificial
sweeteners in groundwater, possibly leaching from septic
systems.
“These are things that may have more significant impacts
than nitrates,” he said. “I think we’ll see some changes down
the road as far as sampling goes.”
Sarah Green is a writer, editor and consultant.
A graduate of the William Allen White School of
Journalism and Mass Communications at the
University of Kansas, Green has written for local
and national publications including The
Hutchinson News, the KHI News Service
and Saveur magazine. She lives in Wichita.
Geologist Ned Marks, Englewood Mayor Olen Whisenhunt and Trevor
Nash, owner of Nash Water Well Service, monitor the flow and clarity
of water being pumped from a test well at Englewood.